Background: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality world - wide. Early identification of high-risk pregnancies remains challenging, prompting the development of serum and imaging biomarkers for prediction and prevention. Objective: To summarize evidence publ…

Implant surgical treatments represent one of the most advanced and effective solutions for restoring oral function and aesthetics. However, the application of implant surgical treatments in compromised patients presents special clinical challenges due to systemic conditions that may affect the osseo…

Background: Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during adolescence is inherently challeng- ing due to the overlap between normal pubertal physiology and pathological features of the syndrome. In Albania, the absence of adolescent-specific national guidelines and limited access to specialized…

Medical emergencies in dental practice, although relatively uncommon, present significant challenges and risks for both patients and clinicians. Outcomes depend on early recognition, prevention, and prompt, well-coordinated intervention. This chapter provides a comprehensive, academically structured…

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a growing public health challenge worldwide, characterized by a cluster of metabolic risk factors that increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease and diabetes [1][2]. This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs (KAPB) of university student…

In a world where every click can be turned into profit, children are becoming the protagonists of a digital transformation that is fundamentally changing the definition of work and the relationship between childhood and technology. This has created a new landscape where the lack of legal protection …

The oral microbiota is made of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, that live in the mouth and help protect against infections. This balance is important for oral and overall health. When the balance is disturbed, for example, due to antibiotic use, weak immune system, or poor oral hygiene,…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an essential tool in the legal field, helping lawyers analyze cases, predict legal outcomes, and even automate contracts. While these advancements improve efficiency, they also bring ethical and legal challenges. One major concern is ensuring that AI-based de…

Albania is facing one of the biggest technological challenges, “Artificial Intelligence”. The main legislative institution in Albania, the Albanian Parliament, has been trying to create legislation for the “embrace” of “Artificial Intelligence” in the last three years, as a condition also by the Eur…

Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances among young people is an increasing challenge in Albania, with serious impacts on their physical, mental, and social well-being. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and practical experiences of young people relate…

The digitalization of the justice system brings significant benefits in efficiency, transparency, and access to legal services. However, it also presents important challenges regarding the protection of citizens’ personal data. In Albania, the legal framework for data protection is based on Law No. …

Introduction Orthodontic treatment can use fixed or removable orthodontic appliances to straighten teeth and improve bite. Maintaining good oral hygiene throughout life is important to address several issues, including gingivitis. Methodology The standard of observational study was the study of oral…